摘 要：文章对现代化与现代性概念进行区分，重新梳理了现代化与现代性概念的脉络。作者认为现代化是一系列大规模变迁过程的总和，通过这些变迁过程，特定社会往往获得被认为是现代性所特有的经济、政治、社会和文化特征。现代化包含着现代性，又与现代性不同。现代性指的是在现代化过程中所具有的社会生活和文化的特定形态。现代化不完全等同于西方化，虽然当前的全球状态起源于欧洲的现代性，但是它受到既定国家在世界经济和政治关系体系中的结构性位置、国家的特定遗传密码以及个体和集体行动者的策略等方面的塑造。因此我们必须从跨国和跨文化的视角去看待现代化，避免认为现代化一经启动就不可避免地走向一种特定的类型。通过批判分析古典现代化与后现代理论家的观点，作者认为，现代性已经成为全人类的一个“共同全球状态”，同时世界上不同的人们和国家对相似的结构问题和状态表现出多样的制度和文化反应。这意味着全球化需要多元治理（全球治理），一种多主体的、多边的和多层级的行动主体共同民主治理的模式。

　　关键词：现代化 现代性 全球化

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